Storyboard

Throwing and hitting are ballistic modes where the objective is to maximize the speed or energy of the projectile (ball, javelin, racket) at the instant of release or impact. The principle of proximal-distal transfer describes how energy progressively accumulates from the slow and massive proximal segments (hip, trunk) to the fast and light distal ones (hand, racket tip), forming a whip-like kinetic chain. Conservation of angular momentum is key: hip rotation generates the initial moment that is transferred to the shoulder, elbow and wrist. The speed of the distal end can multiply x10 the speed of the athlete's CM (whip effect). When hitting the ball, the post-impact speed of the ball depends on the coefficient of restitution and the foot-ball mass ratio. The accuracy of the launch depends on the stability of the release point and the angle of departure.

>Model

ID:('ky', 457)

Description

ID:(0, 457)