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Photosynthesis is the metabolic process by which plants capture light energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy (sugars) while releasing oxygen. It occurs primarily in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll, the green pigment in plant cells, plays a central role in photosynthesis by capturing light energy.

Light Reactions and Calvin Cycle: Photosynthesis comprises two stages: the light-dependent reactions, which produce energy-rich molecules (ATP and NADPH), and the Calvin cycle, where carbon dioxide is fixed to form sugars.

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis: Environmental factors such as light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and water availability influence the rate of photosynthesis.

Crop Improvement: Understanding photosynthesis is critical for crop improvement strategies aimed at increasing yields and resource-use efficiency.

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ID:(2020, 0)