Black body

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A black body is a body that absorbs all the light it receives. Electromagnetic waves are absorbed through forcing the oscillations of the body's atoms that correspond to the body's temperature.

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Radiation

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Charged particles that oscillate displace their surrounding electric field, generating electromagnetic oscillations. In our world, these oscillations are known as radiation, and depending on their frequency or wavelength, they can manifest as heat, light, or radio waves.

For the particle in question, the emission of radiation corresponds to a loss of energy, and thus, a loss of heat. Similarly, when the particle absorbs radiation from the electromagnetic field in its vicinity, its energy increases, leading to an increase in its temperature.

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