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The chemical diagnosis evaluates the state of the oral chemical balance: pH, buffering capacity of saliva, concentration of mineral ions (Ca², PO³, F), degree of saturation with respect to hydroxyapatite (DS), enzymatic activity of the biofilm and biochemical markers of inflammation. Salivary pH is measured with glass microelectrodes or pH strips; at normal rest it is 6.77.4; during a cariogenic episode it falls below 5.5. The buffer capacity () is determined by acid titration of saliva: hydrochloric acid is added and the pH variation is measured. The degree of saturation (DS = IAP/Ksp) indicates whether the saliva is remineralizing or demineralizing. Analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) quantifies markers of periodontal inflammation (IL-1, PGE, MMP). Raman spectroscopy makes it possible to identify the mineral composition of enamel in situ and detect changes in the mineral/organic ratio. Measured variables: pH, [Ca²], [PO³], [F], , GCF. Determined values: DS, pH_crit, cariogenic risk, periodontal inflammation index.

>Model

ID:('ky', 274)

Description

ID:(0, 274)