D7 Clinical scales (Glasgow, NIHSS, UPDRS, MMSE)

Title

The clinical scales translate the continuous physiological state described by the E, A and M series models into discrete, standardized and clinically interpretable scores. The general formalism is that of a composite score obtained as a weighted sum of individual exam items. The Glasgow scale directly extends the level of consciousness of M01; The NIHSS quantifies regional neurological deficit in the context of ischemic stroke (A5) and its extension to mass effect (A14); The motor UPDRS translates the bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor described in the Parkinson's model into a clinical score (A2); and the MMSE is a discrete version of the continuous cognitive function Cog(t) used in Alzheimer's (A3) and brain aging (M4). Inter-rater reliability (kappa) quantifies the consistency of the scale between different examiners, and the concept of minimal clinically detectable change distinguishes a real improvement or deterioration from the variability of the measurement.

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