E9 Oscillations and neuronal synchronization

Title

Populations of neurons or phase-coupled oscillators can synchronize their activity, generating macroscopically observable oscillatory rhythms (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma). The Kuramoto model reduces each oscillating element to a single phase variable with its own natural frequency and a sinusoidal coupling to the other phases of the network; Its mean field form introduces an order parameter that quantifies the overall degree of synchronization. At the circuit level, the Wilson-Cowan excitatory-inhibitory pair (E08) can enter an oscillatory regime (e.g., gamma rhythm generation) whose frequency depends on the time constants and reciprocal connection forces between both populations. Spectral coherence quantifies the degree of coupling between two signals in the frequency domain, while phase-amplitude coupling (cross-frequency coupling) measures how the phase of a slow oscillation modulates the amplitude of a fast oscillation, a relevant phenomenon in the temporal organization of cortical activity.

ID:4267