Storyboard

Thermal stress occurs when the leaf temperature (E3) leaves the optimal enzymatic range: due to excess (denaturation of rubisco and thylakoid membranes, T > 4045°C) or defect (frost, T < 0°C: crystallization of water in the apoplast and eventually in the cells). The leaf-atmosphere interface (E6) determines the real temperature of the leaf and is the point of action of adaptive responses: opening of stomata for cooling, synthesis of heat shock proteins (HSP) or cryoprotectants (sucrose, proline, LEA proteins).

>Model

ID:('ky', 19)

Description

ID:(0, 19)