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Sports rotational movement includes cartwheels, twist jumps, trunk rotation throws, and figure skating spins. The fundamental principle is the conservation of angular momentum L = I· when no net external torques act (flight phase, or frictionless spin axis). Athletes reduce their moment of inertia I by retracting the segments towards the axis of rotation, thus increasing proportionally. In the discus or hammer throw, the tangential speed of the implement at the release point determines the range. Gyroscopic precession explains the stability of the American football or rugby ball in flight. In turns on the ground, the ground friction torque determines the deceleration. The moment of inertia is calculated by Steiner's theorem for each segment. Maximum angular velocity is limited by joint stiffness and neuromotor coordination.

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ID:('ky', 458)

Description

ID:(0, 458)